Dog training consists of cues and activities like sit, roll over, fetch, close the refrigerator, open the door with a string, agility, retrieving, hunting trials, herding trials, and so on. When teaching tricks, positive reinforcement is the way to go. Fetch my shoes, roll the ball with your nose, catch the biscuit from your nose and you get a treat, belly rub, verbal praise or pet on the head, ”good dog.” These activities challenge the mind and provide great bonding time.
Dog behavior is discipline. Heel on the leash, stay, don't bolt out the door, wait at the door until I pass, come when called, stop when told, drop that object, no jumping on humans, stay out of this room, don't cross this line and so on, are all rules that provide leadership and structure. Dogs crave leadership because their instinct tells them they need rules and structure to survive; the pack’s life depends on it. There must be a leader and the followers must obey the leader. Dogs constantly challenge the order; they test and expect to be tested. The order is not set in stone; it is an ongoing test. If the pack leader shows weakness in any way the next highest member will challenge that dog for the position. If the leader loses the challenge the pack will rearrange the order. Structure, discipline, boundaries, leadership... dogs should not get a cookie for respecting these. It's the same with human kids; they don't get a cookie every time they come home for not smacking their teacher at school because their respect is expected. Your dog needs this same type of structure.
When a dog’s instincts are not being met it often dominos into many other bad behaviors. If you go back to the beginning and fix the first domino often times these behaviors will disappear.
If you have dog behavior issues, be sure to seek out dog behavior information as opposed to dog training. Do not put a Band-Aid on an infection. Look deeper into the issues that you have in order to stop the behavior where it started.